Gulf Oil Spill: A Symbol of What Fossil Fuels Do to the Earth Every Day, Say
Environmentalists
by Dan Froomkin
The Huffington Post: May 7, 2010
The leading edge of a vast oil slick started to come ashore in Louisiana on
Thursday night, a shroud of devastation falling on America's coastline even
as the blown-out BP oil well that produced it continues to belch millions of
gallons of thick crude into the Gulf of Mexico for a third straight week.
At moments like this, it's hard to see any silver lining here at all. But
it's possible there is one. Many environmentalists say that the wrenching
and omnipresent images of filth and death are at last providing Americans
with visible, visceral and possibly mobilizing evidence of the effects that
fossil fuels are having on our environment every day.
Rick Steiner is horrified at the damage. A University of Alaska marine
specialist, he's watched cleanup efforts ever since the Exxon Valdez spill
in 1989, and has learned some bitter lessons.
"Government and industry will habitually understate the volume of the spill
and the impact, and they will overstate the effectiveness of the cleanup and
their response," he said. "There's never been an effective response --
ever -- where more than 10 or 20 percent of the oil is ever recovered from
the water. Once the oil is in the water, the damage is done."
And most of the damage remains invisible deep below the surface, including
the wide-scale destruction of essential plankton in the area and the wiping
out of an entire generation of fish larvae. "This is real toxic stuff,"
Steiner said.
But the damage that is visible -- the vast and foul oil slick, the dolphins
swimming through sludge, the birds coated in oil, the dead fish and sharks
and turtles -- is enough to thoroughly disgust anyone paying attention.
And that, Steiner said, makes it a "teachable moment" that "will hopefully
serve as a wake-up call that we need to turn to sustainable energy."
After all, that carbon we're seeing poison the Gulf was headed into the
planetary ecosystem anyway, through tailpipe emissions.
"That's part of the irony of all this, is it just took a shortcut," Steiner
said. "This carbon took a shortcut into the environment from what it
normally does, and it's obvious to people what the problem is here."
A much smaller oil spill in Santa Barbara 40 years ago helped mobilize the
Earth Day movement, which in turn led to most of the major environmental
legislation of the 20th century. The Exxon Valdez disaster, 20 years later,
led to tougher (but evidently not tough enough) rules about oil spills.
And now Steiner and fellow environmentalists think this spill provides an
opportunity not just to revisit offshore oil drilling, but the whole carbon
dynamic.
"This just reminds us, in a powerful way, how dirty the energy we rely on
is," said environmental writer Bill McKibben. "If anything good is going to
come out of this, it'll be because it focuses our attention -- but more
palpably, focuses the president's attention -- on questions of dirty
energy,"
McKibben is the founder of the global grassroots climate-change Web site
350.org and his latest book, Eaarth: Making a Life on a Tough New Planet is
about adjusting to a changed world.
"Our problem is not primarily that there's a stuck valve in the bottom of
the Gulf of Mexico. That's a terrible problem," McKibben told HuffPost. "The
bigger problem is that there's a stuck economy based on fossil fuels that
the president hasn't really done anything major yet to fix.... The problem
is that the whole system is dirty from beginning to end."
The Senate has been cobbling together tepid climate-change bills while
President Obama sits on the sidelines, McKibben said. "Now is the moment
when he could galvanize the nation. He could say: 'Let's really learn from
what's happened in the Gulf. Let's think about the way that we're turning
all the oceans of the world acid at a rapid rate by pouring carbon into the
atmosphere. Let's think not only about those coal miners in West Virginia,
but also about what burning coal is doing to people all over the world.' "
This would, McKibben acknowledges, require a bit of a turnaround. "In this
case, Obama three weeks ago told us he wanted a lot more offshore oil
drilling, and told us it was safe. He should get up and say 'I was wrong.
And in a deeper sense, I was wrong not to be taking on whole hog, as the
centerpiece of my presidency, the fight to finally get us really moving off
coal and gas and oil.'"
It's a moment of reckoning, McKibben said.
"We'll find out in the next couple of weeks whether he's serious about an
energy transformation, or whether he's as corporatist and cautious on this
as he appears to be on other things."
Wesley Warren, director of programs at the Natural Resources Defense
Council, calls the Gulf spill "a watershed moment" much like Santa Barbara
40 years ago or the Exxon Valdez 20 years ago -- events that "really defined
energy and environmental policy for a generation," he said.
"Washington needs a response that is as large as this spill is, to deal with
our dependence on oil," he told HuffPost. "This is just a symptom of a
system that's gone on too long, unchecked, when a change is needed."
It's not just the imagery, it's also the economic toll on fisherman and
coastal communities that will make this spill so affecting, he said. "That
makes it dramatic in a way that two weeks ago, there was no way to show the
American people what was at stake. This is vivid and direct and is the
consequence of an overdependence on oil that we could have rid ourselves of
40 years ago or 20 years ago," he said.
"The best thing to do with carbon is to keep it underground where it
belongs."
Despite the White House's considerable effort to demonstrate that the
administration is responding aggressively to the Gulf spill, there are, as
of yet at least, no signs that Obama will seize the moment to advance an
anti-carbon agenda.
Indeed, last week, he promised better safeguards for oil drilling going
forward, but recommitted himself to domestic oil production.
Is there any chance there will be enough public outrage that Members of
Congress will be pressured into voting for legislation that puts a stiff
price on carbon going forward? So far there are no overt signs of that,
either.
But Damon Moglen, global warming campaign director for Greenpeace USA, told
HuffPost that the dynamics of the debate have already changed.
"I think objectively, number one, the proposal that we are going to offer
new offshore drilling is dead. It's dead on delivery. I think in addition
that there is a tremendous likelihood that we will have a ban or a return to
the moratorium on drilling," Moglen said.
"And more broadly, I think this is going to break open the debate on both
the climate and energy bills... I think we are going to have the opportunity
to talk about a much more ambitious and visionary commitment to clean
renewables and efficiency technologies, instead of continued hand-outs and
support for the fossil fuels industry.
"The details of that? That'll be played out in the weeks to come."
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